D-Matrix: FPGA-Based Solutions for General Stream Processing in High Energy Physics Experiments

The data acquisition system plays an increasingly important role in high-energy physics experiments. The expansion of the experimental scale requires the data acquisition system to have enhanced online data processing capabilities. The D-Matrix system is designed as a general distributed stream processing platform, aiming to make more use of heterogeneous computing units, such as FPGA, for suitable online data processing to optimize both processing speed and latency. In the D-Matrix system, to facilitate the design of various data processing modules in high energy physics experiments, we abstract the concepts of basic patterns and derived modules. Based on these concepts, the D-Matrix system is designed with a series of generic data stream processing modules to accomplish various complex data processing by cascading these generic modules. This article introduces the existing base patterns and derived stream processing modules in the D-Matrix system based on FPGA-based hardware, and describes the implementation of these modules in the CSR External-target Experiment.