Real-Time Digital Simulation of Hydrogen Energy Systems with Multi-Energy Flow in Focus

This paper presents a new state-of-the-art hydrogen energy system simulation facility integrated into the Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS^®). It describes hydrogen-based multi-energy flow modeling that focuses both the electrical and thermohydraulic behaviors of individual components. The practical utilization of the hydrogen energy simulation facility is demonstrated through the modeling and simulation of a grid-connected hydrogen energy storage facility in RTDS^®. Moreover, the paper offers a thorough exposition of plant configurations, power electronic interfacing, plant variables, converter controls, and the subsequent presentation of simulation results.