Performance Evaluation of 5G-R Physical Layer Using Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation Platform

5G network for railway (5G-R) emerges as a promising train-ground communication solution, concurrently facing ubiquitous connectivity and reliable transmission design challenges. This paper focuses on the impact of different channel models and Doppler effects on the physical layer transmission performance of the 5G-R communication system. Based on the 5G-R channel hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform, we measured and compared the performance of the 5G-R system in terms of bit error rate (BER) and error vector magnitude (EVM) across different scenarios. The measurement results reveal that non-line-of-sight propagation and Doppler effects during high-speed movement contribute to the deterioration of the system's BER and EVM. Nevertheless, enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio can mitigate the impact of these factors to some extent.