Compact Implantable Antenna with Ultra-Wide bandwidth for Leadless Pacemaker

This article introduces a compact antenna designed for leadless pacemakers (LPs), featuring a small size of 8.83 mm³, and a bandwidth of 4330 MHz, addressing detuning issues. Covering frequencies from 0.67 GHz to 5 GHz, the antenna ensures optimal performance in medical frequency bands. The achievement of ultra-wide bandwidth is attributed to integrating a meandered line in the ground plane and a large rectangular slot in the patch. Moreover, the proposed antenna demonstrates high gain values of -31.3 dBi, -25.7 dBi, and -22.7 dBi at 0.915 GHz, 1.4 GHz, and 2.45 GHz, respectively.