Impact of Smart Scheduling on Nationwide Charging Infrastructure of Harbour Craft

Planning charger infrastructure for over 1000 harbour craft in Singapore poses challenges due to high costs, varying vessel sizes, and extended runtime for certain craft. Ranging from small passenger launches (50-100kWh) to large tugboats (greater than 2MWh), the diverse fleet complicates charger deployment. Leveraging large-scale historical mobility records, we modelled energy usage and charging patterns to study harbour craft charger infrastructure needs. Our findings reveal that a baseline strategy of placing chargers to meet charging needs indiscriminately results in high-cost infrastructure deployment and low utilization. To address these challenges, we propose an optimization framework that significantly reduces peak power usage and cuts the overall total investment cost by half. This research contributes valuable insights into the efficient and cost-effective deployment of charger infrastructure for a diverse harbour craft fleet, highlighting the importance of strategic planning and optimization.