Concepts of Resilience Design for Unmanned Marine Systems and Applications on Underwater Glider

With the continuous advancement of high-performance battery technology and advanced power systems, the performance of unmanned marine systems (UMSs), particularly their endurance, has witnessed a remarkable improvement. However, in complex and extreme marine environments, the influence of uncertainties from multiple sources on long-endurance UMSs is becoming increasingly significant. This can result in performance degradation or even system loss. Therefore, it is crucial to address how these uncertainties can be incorporated into system design and utilized to enhance overall life cycle performance. To tackle this issue, we propose a novel full life cycle design paradigm known as resilience design. Firstly, the concepts, framework, and evaluation index are introduced. Secondly, a case study is presented to demonstrate the application of resilience design on a specific type of underwater glider. Subsequently, a rigorous sea trial is conducted to empirically validate the effectiveness of the proposed resilience design approach. Lastly, future directions for research are summarized.