A Comprehensive Survey and Analysis of Traffic Sign Recognition Systems with Hardware Implementation

The continuous evolution of autonomous vehicles technologies has significantly elevated the capabilities of intelligent transportation and road safety. Among these advancements, driving automation systems have played a vital role within vehicles, encompassing a diversity of functionality extending from systems assisting the driver called Advanced Driver Assistance Systems to Automated Driving Systems offering full control over various driving functions. Among these systems, Traffic Sign Recognition (TSR) system plays a significant role in terms of functionality and development. This survey focuses on the development of TSR system including both detection and classification methods considering diverse techniques based on color, shape, machine learning and deep learning algorithms and offers insights into the various approaches. Hence a comparative synthesis is established to discuss thorough of them along. Furthermore, this paper presents a comprehensive study for TSR systems using two hardware platforms: Raspberry Pi and Nano Jetson to analyze their performances and provide insights into the most suitable hardware architectures for deploying efficient and reliable TSR systems. This paper concludes by advocating for a synergistic combination of the two best methods of detection and classification of road signs in terms of accuracy and processing time to build a new real time TSR methodology that effectively address this challenge and ultimately improve TSR performance implemented on the best board.