Distributed Coordinated Multi-Microgrid System: Optimization Strategies for Enhanced Renewable Energy Integration and Voltage Control

The rising adoption of renewable energy sources to combat global warming and carbon emissions underscores the urgent need for innovative solutions to enhance power system efficiency and resilience. Microgrid (MG) concepts are gaining popularity, particularly in isolated regions, due to their potential to increase system reliability, reduce costs, and better utilize renewable energies, thereby lowering carbon emissions when coordinated effectively. However, the unpredictable nature of variable renewable energy (VRE) presents significant control challenges, particularly in voltage regulation and reactive power supply. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a distributed genetic algorithm coordinated optimization strategy aimed at improving voltage profiles, maximizing reactive power reserves, and reducing power losses and operating costs. Experimental validation of this approach was conducted on the IEEE-39 bus power system using renewable energy data obtained from the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL).