Edge Computing and IoT-Driven Renewable Energy Integration for Decentralized Smart Grid Optimization

The increasing global need for energy and environmental concerns have led to a rise in the usage of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), such as Photovoltaic (PV) systems and Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS). The efficiency and performance of RES systems may be significantly increased by combining edge computing and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. In this paper, the edge computing-enabled IoT technology for renewable energy sources (RESs) such as solar panels, wind turbines, and storage energy converters is given. The paper discusses the main benefits of this approach, which include improved real-time monitoring, proactive maintenance, load balancing, and energy management. It also examines the underlying technologies, including edge devices, communication protocols, and data analytics techniques. In addition, the study discusses issues including security, scalability, and interoperability while outlining future research objectives and problems in this quickly developing subject. This study presents the economic benefits and technological viability of the proposed decentralized smart grid paradigm through extensive simulation findings. The results demonstrate how edge computing and the Internet of Things play a critical role in reshaping power systems based on renewable energy and opening the door to a more robust, sustainable, and customer-focused electrical grid.