Challenges and Status of 3GPP Non-Terrestrial Networks for Mobile Terminal Testing

The Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) is a wireless communications technology that enables direct communication between mobile terminals and satellites. It was developed by 3GPP in Release 17 and is based on new air interface technology. The aim of this technology is to offer widespread coverage, especially in areas where ground networks are challenging to establish. As 3GPP NTN architectures mature, further research and analysis is required to assess RF performance. This paper firstly presents an introduction to the development and evolution of NTN communication standards. Subsequently, analysis the challenges encountered by NTN terminals and testing. Then specifically discusses the requirements of 3GPP NTN terminal performance, with an emphasis on RF testing aspects. Finally, provides an outlook on 3GPP further work and study directions for NTN.