A Joint Solution Method of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit and Improved Harris Hawk Optimization for 5G Positioning

The sparse nature of the 5G channel makes the orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm a suitable method for 5G positioning. However, the implementation of positioning in three-dimensional scenes requires a much more complex spatial angle dictionary than that in two-dimensional space, which makes it almost impossible to calculate direction of arrival (DOA) using OMP. Aiming at above problem, joint OMP and improved Harris Hawk Optimization (HHO) method was proposed. This method first calculates the time of arrival (TOA) of the received signal through OMP and performs spatial filtering to reduce the non-line of sight (NLOS) component. Then, the improved HHO algorithm based on information sharing mechanism is used to solve DOA, so as to achieve high-precision 5G positioning using only a single base station. Simulation results show that the proposed method has higher positioning performance than some popular algorithms such as subspace-based method.