A Broadband 1-Bit Reconfigurable Huygens Element for Transmitarray in mmW Applications

This manuscript presents a broadband reconfigurable transmitarray element based on Huygens’ principle for millimeter-wave applications. The element consists of a pair of gradually varying dipoles printed on both sides of a substrate. The electric response is induced by the same directional currents on two dipoles. The magnetic response is generated by the current loop caused by the opposite directional currents on two dipoles and the coupling between them. By adjusting the size of these two gradually varying dipoles and the thickness of the substrate, the electric and magnetic resonances are balanced, which allows for a reflectionless Huygens resonance. Two p-i-n diodes have been loaded to realize a broadband 1-bit transmission phase compensation. The simulation results indicate that the proposed element can achieve an 11.3 % operating bandwidth from 29.3 GHz to 32.8 GHz with a transmission amplitude within -3.0 dB. Therefore, the proposed broadband 1-bit Huygens element has a good potential for millimeter-wave applications.