Controllable Slotted SIW for Fixed-Frequency Planar Beam-Scanning Antenna

This paper introduces a planar fixed-frequency beam-scanning antenna using a controllable slotted substrate integrated waveguide (SIW). The controllable SIW incorporates subwavelength slots and varactor diodes to enable dynamic adjustment of leaky-wave radiation characteristics. By electronically modifying the varactor diode capacitance, the antenna continuously steers the main beam at a fixed frequency. The antenna design features a simple structure and low profile, making it suitable for various radar and communication applications. Simulated results demonstrate the antenna's ability to achieve continuous beam-scanning at a fixed working frequency. The proposed antenna offers flexibility in beam direction adjustments independent of frequency changes, highlighting its practicality and adaptability in real-world scenarios.