MU-BISE: Multi-UAV Collaborative Mapping based on Blockchain Information Security Enhancement

A single Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) cannot meet the demands of complex environments and diverse tasks and is subject to multiple limitations regarding the computational capacity of the onboard equipment and the perceptual perspective. When multi-UAV perform collaborative tasks such as target search, localization, and mapping, they are vulnerable to attacks by malicious nodes, which leads to difficulties in fault detection and low security. To this end, a multi-UAV collaborative mapping based on blockchain information security enhancement, named MU-BISE, is proposed to ensure the security of multi-UAV network communication and data storage. First, the distributed storage technology in blockchain provides a unique storage structure for the multi-UAV system to cope with single point of failure, node turnover, and malicious tampering. Then, the symmetric encryption technology is used to manage and verify the legitimacy of UAV identities within the network, thereby facilitating the two-way authentication between the UAVs and the servers. The performance of MU-BISE is compared and validated in terms of relative position error (RPE), root mean square error (RMSE), and data encryption delay time. The experimental results demonstrate that the MU-BISE effectively improves the security of the data exchange and storage, thereby ensuring the reliability of the system applications.