Cost-Effective and Secure Scheme for Fog Computing-Enabled Internet of Vehicles Using CLC-to-PKI-Based Heterogeneous Signcryption

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) relies on wireless technology for the transmission of messages, which exposes it to potential attacks. To address this, researchers have developed various methods to ensure secure message transmission between vehicles and infrastructure. However, these methods often require substantial computational power and communication resources, making them unsuitable for time-sensitive communications. To tackle this issue, we present an efficient certificateless cryptosystem (CLC) and a public key infrastructure (PKI)-based heterogeneous signcryption (HSC) scheme tailored for fog computing-enabled IoV, denoted as CPHSC-IoV. This scheme facilitates communication from a vehicle within the CLC setting to a roadside unit (RSU) equipped with fog computing devices within the PKI setting. It aims to secure the message by guaranteeing confidentiality, authentication, integrity, and non-repudiation all at once in a single logical process. When multiple messages are transmitted, the RSU initially aggregates these messages and then processes them together using the batch verification method, further improving performance. Our scheme is existentially unforgeable against adaptive chosen message attacks and indistinguishable against adaptive chosen ciphertext attacks in the random oracle model. Furthermore, it outperforms the recent relevant schemes in terms of computational overhead, communication/storage cost, and average transmission delay.