Efficiency-Optimized Energy Management Strategy for Fuel Cell Ships

The fuel cell power system is prone to detach from the high-efficiency range and excessive hydrogen consumption in the ship load demand span under transitional working conditions. Therefore, an efficiency-optimized energy management strategy for fuel cell ships is proposed. For the transition conditions, according to the fuel cell ships load demand span, the rule-based energy management strategy is used as the basic framework to dynamically adjust the output power of the fuel cell and optimize the distribution of the output power between the fuel cell and lithium battery. The simulation results show that compared with the state-based energy management strategy, the proposed method can reduce hydrogen consumption by $6 \%$ and increase the average efficiency of fuel cells by $0.46 \%$. The proposed energy management strategy can ensure that the fuel cell works in the high-efficiency range and reduces the ship system hydrogen consumption.