A Multiband Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Wireless Communication

In order to enhance the adaptability of wireless devices across diverse applications, it becomes imperative for an antenna to embody a multitude of functionalities, including the capacity to dynamically reconfigure the operating frequency, polarization mode, and radiation pattern. This paper introduces a frequency-reconfigurable antenna that incorporates an L-U shaped slot band with a Split-Ring Resonator (SRR). Fabricated on a 1.2 mm low-cost FR4 substrate using a partially grounded design approach, which measures $40 \times 35 \mathrm{~mm}^{2}$. By manipulating the bias states of the two PIN diodes, the radiation element current and field distributions can be altered, resulting in reconfigurable bands spanning $2.45 \mathrm{GHz}, 3.3 \mathrm{GHz}, 4.5 \mathrm{GHz}, 7.4$ GHz, and 9.4 GHz, with an expansive Ultra-Wide Bandwidth (UWB) of 4230 MHz. This antenna design caters to a range of wireless applications, including WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network), WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), Remote Radio, and X-band Satellite Communication. Through meticulous simulation optimization, four reconfiguration scenarios are thoroughly examined by presenting and analyzing the simulation results.