A Literature Review of Study on Remote Sensing Drought Monitoring System

Droughts pose a severe threat to agricultural production, ecosystem health, and socioeconomic development worldwide. Effective monitoring and early warning systems are crucial for mitigating drought impacts. In recent decades, remote sensing technology has emerged as a powerful tool for drought monitoring, offering consistent spatial-temporal coverage and cost-effectiveness compared to traditional groundbased methods. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art in remote sensing drought monitoring systems. We first introduce the fundamental concepts, drought indices derived from satellite observations, and the advantages of remote sensing over in-situ measurements. Then, we systematically evaluate the existing operational drought monitoring systems at global, regional, and national scales, elucidating their underlying data sources, algorithms, and decision support capabilities. Subsequently, through a bibliometric analysis using the Web of Science database, we assess the research trends, themes, institutions, and hotspots related to remote sensing drought monitoring information service systems. This comprehensive review aims to provide valuable insights for researchers, decision-makers, and practitioners in the field of drought monitoring and management, fostering the development of more effective and sustainable drought resilience strategies.