Design of Rydberg Sensor Arrays for Radio Frequency Sensing

A Rydberg sensor is an atomic-based sensor which has great potential for detection of radio frequency (RF) communication signals. It has recently been studied as an alternative to conventional antennas to detect analogue or digital RF signals providing benefits of high sensitivity and very wideband frequency tuning. In addition, adaptive antenna arrays are a widely utilized technique for improving the directivity of reception and power gain, mitigating interference. Here, we demonstrate a new approach to design optimal antenna arrays of multiple Rydberg-atom based sensors. This design will be based on a regular layout of positions of Rydberg sensors for modularity. We then operate iterative random search of array geometry patterns to identify the best configuration for the performance of the antenna array in terms of directivity. This algorithm permits an overall multi-band antenna array design which is composed of multiple optimal sensors sub-arrays working at different carrier frequencies,