Transforming Public Services: A Systematic Review of Smart Government Frameworks, Architectures, and Implementation Challenges

In the digital era, transforming public services through the application of innovative technologies to form a Smart Government has become a priority for governments at various levels. This study presents a systematic review of smart government frameworks and architectures, focusing on identifying and analyzing the key components and features that enhance public service delivery. Specifically, the study examines the impact of smart government initiatives on public services, the challenges and barriers faced, and the solutions implemented across different regions. The findings highlight the importance of integrating advanced information technology, ensuring system interoperability, and fostering stakeholder engagement and collaboration. Major challenges include data security issues, technological infrastructure limitations, and resistance to change within government organizations. This study also identifies gaps in the current literature and provides recommendations for future research, aimed at improving the efficiency and responsiveness of public services through smart government innovations. The insights from this research are intended to assist policymakers, IT practitioners, and academics in designing and implementing effective smart government frameworks and architectures for the transformation of public services.