Optimization Design of Air Distribution in Capacitor Rooms Based on BIM-CFD Combined Modeling and Simulation

The complex arrangement of electrical equipment and the narrow space within capacitor rooms often lead to internal heat accumulation. High operating temperatures can adversely affect the insulation performance of capacitors. Poor air distribution design is the main cause of the formation of heat accumulation areas. Therefore, improving air distribution and conducting optimization design research on air distribution in capacitor rooms is of great significance for enhancing ventilation and cooling efficiency and ensuring the safe operation of capacitors. This paper adopts the method of combining the Building Information Model (BIM) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). First, the workflow of the BIM-CFD combined application and the data interaction method between the two are proposed, and an overall BIM model of the capacitor room and capacitor equipment is established. Then, based on the existing indoor ventilation scheme (with the inlet and outlet on the same side), an optimized outlet scheme is proposed. According to the heat transfer mechanism of the equipment and the environment, the Fluent software is used to simulate the temperature field distribution and air distribution of the two schemes. The simulation results show that compared with the original indoor ventilation scheme, the optimized outlet scheme can increase the average flow velocity in the core operating area of the equipment by 0.15 m/s and reduce the indoor average temperature by 10.0°C. This achieves simultaneous control of air distribution and temperature field, eliminates heat accumulation areas in the capacitor room, and avoids the phenomenon of “air distribution short circuit.” By exploring the method of BIM-CFD combined application, the practical engineering and simulation are closely integrated, effectively simulating the effect of optimized outlets on indoor air distribution. This validates the feasibility of using the BIM-CFD combined method for air distribution optimization design. This study provides certain reference values and guidance for the design of air distribution in substations.