System Dynamics Modeling and Analysis of the Impact of Regional Carbon Emissions by Electric Vehicles Integration

In the pursuit of low-carbon development and achieving the dual carbon goals, the development of electric vehicles is an important driver. This paper aims to study the impact of electric vehicles on carbon emissions. Firstly, it analyzes the relationship between the scale of electric vehicles, vehicle-to-gird, and the structure of regional energy sources and carbon emissions. Then, three different strategies for the development of clean energy are constructed. Finally, a feedback model based on system dynamics is established to simulate the dynamic evolution process of reducing regional carbon emissions through the integration of electric vehicles into the grid. To validate the effectiveness of the model, a city in southwest China is selected as the research object, and simulation using Vensim software is conducted to analyze the impact of electric vehicle grid integration on reducing carbon emissions in three different scenarios. The simulation results show that the continuous expansion of the scale of electric vehicles will have a significant and positive effect on carbon emissions reduction. Vehicle-to-grid technology has great potential for reducing carbon emissions. The promotion of clean energy has a significant effect on reducing carbon emissions.