Enhanced Cluster-Assisted Routing Protocol for Improved Energy Efficiency of Wireless Sensor Network

Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) has been one of the most prominent WSN technologies over the last many decades. Researchers have developed several clustering protocol variants of the DSR protocol based on diverse application circumstances. However, existing clustering protocols often involve sensor nodes expending a great deal of energy propagating messages on a wide scale in order to build clusters and find the best path between clusters. The majority of sensor nodes in WSN s rely on low-power batteries, which severely hampers the network's performance, reliability, and durability. This led to the development of several clustering techniques that aim to improve WSN energy efficiency. With the advent of Fifth Generation transmissions, several Internet of Things applications have begun to use Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) multiple antennas in order to increase capacity in multipath spectrum environments. In this paper, we provide Enhanced Node Energy and Lifetime Improvement Protocol, a novel cluster-assisted routing protocol designed to improve Wireless Sensor Networks' energy efficiency. All four sections of the proposed ENELIP must be read in order. Partitioning a large-scale WSN to smaller sub-networks using a size-balanced approach is the first step in using 5G infrastructure. Second, minimization of energy consumption during centralized sub-network information maintenance is the goal of an estimation-based technique. The third step is to reduce the massive amount of energy needed to cluster nodes worldwide by implementing centralized query-driven clustering algorithms in each sub-network to group the query targets. Finally, a system is created for inter-cluster routing that is multi-sub networked, energy-efficient, and load-balanced. After conducting extensive research, it was shown that ENELIP outperforms other WSN protocols in terms of energy efficiency, resulting in an increase in the network lifetime.