2 Error Models for Vector Network Analyzers

This book summarizes the work developed over more than two decades in the field of advanced calibration techniques for vector network analyzers, by the RF and Microwave Group at The Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico, which is led by Dr. J. Apolinar Reynoso-Hernandez, author of this book. This book is written so that every electrical engineer, with knowledge of electrical circuits and linear algebra basics, can understand the principles of VNA calibration techniques. Vector network analyzers are normally used by engineers and researchers working in the RF and microwave field, which usually requires advanced and specialized courses at graduate level. The reader should be able to implement any VNA calibration technique, decide the most adequate calibration for a given measurement condition, and interpret the measurement results, as a seasoned RF metrology expert. Principles and Applications of Vector Network Analyzer Calibration Techniques is a useful book for beginners and professionals working on: • Microwave de-embedding and test fixture characterization • Characterization of uniform transmission lines • Load-pull measurements. It is also: • An ideal tutorial for professionals and postgraduate/research students taking courses in microwave calibration techniques. • A useful textbook for practicing electronics engineering and researchers working in the RF microwave field: calibration techniques and load-pull measurements.