Recent Advances of Satellite Land Surface Data Products at NOAA NESDIS

There are a set of satellite land surface products produced to public use at the U.S. NOAA/NESDIS, including (but not limited to) land surface temperature (LST), land surface albedo (LSA) [1], vegetation indices (VIs) [2], green vegetation fraction (GVF) [3] and leaf area index (LAI). These products are of fundamental importance to many aspects of geoscience disciplines, e.g., the net radiation budget at the Earth surface, monitoring state of crops and vegetation, and serving as important indicators of both the greenhouse effect and the physics of land-surface processes at local through global scales [4] [5] [6]. In particular, LST, LSA and LAI are listed as essential climate variables (ECVs) by the Global Climate Observing System of the World Meteorological Organization [7]. LST, LSA, VIs and GVF are baseline products produced for years at NOAA/NESDIS, through observations from the U.S. Joint Polar-orbiting Satellite System (JPSS).In the past two years, significant product improvements and quality assurance have been accomplished on the above land surface products. First, the VI and GVF algorithm package has been optimized which greatly reduced the processing time and improved robustness of the production; meanwhile, an innovative high resolution (up to 20 meters, daily) VI algorithm has been developed. Second, an all-weather LST algorithm has been tested and evaluated; operational all-weather LST production is expected in 2025. Third, a LAI production package has been approved and is in the operational installation process; experimental LAI data production is expected by late 2024. Fourth, a bare soil (background of the vegetation surface) albedo climatology dataset has been developed which improves quality of the albedo data; a BRDF data production algorithm package has been developed and is in the operational installation process. Fifth, a daily data monitoring system has been run in the science team, in addition to production monitoring in the operational unit, which particularly checks scientific significance of the products for LST and LSA; as a result, global LST anomaly report is generated monthly. Finally, in-situ data collection, filtering and analysis process has been improved, which is the base of our product quality. This presentation provides a comprehensive summary of all above-mentioned in detail.