Evaluating FY-3E GNOS-II Global Wind Product for Nearshore and Open Ocean: A Study Utilizing NDBC and TAO/TRITON Buoy Data

This paper evaluates the Fengyun-3E (FY-3E) Global Navigation Satellite System Occultation Sounder II (GNOS-II) global wind speed product using measurements from 91 National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) buoys in offshore regions and 48 Tropical Atmosphere Ocean/Triangle Trans-Ocean Buoy Network (TAO/TRITON) buoys in the open ocean. The study underscores the differences in wind speed accuracy between offshore and open ocean regions, supporting the application of the GNOS-II system in various maritime environments. The findings reveal that nearshore wind speed measurements have a lower accuracy compared to those in the open ocean. Specifically, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) for the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) product against NDBC buoy data is 2.494 m/s, while for the Global Positioning System (GPS) product it is 2.128 m/s. Against TAO/TRITON buoy data, the RMSE for the BDS product is 1.831 m/s, and for the GPS product, it is 1.918 m/s. These results indicate a need for further enhancement of offshore wind speed measurements to meet application requirements.