Low-Cost Sensor Terminals for the Assessment of Thermal Comfort in Urban Green Spaces within Manila City

Urban microclimatic conditions in fast-developing Metro Manila continue to move away from comfort due to urban warming generated by the built environment. One of the most familiar effects of urbanization is the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon. Urban heat islands (UHIs) are meteorological effects of urbanization that cause the air temperature in urban regions to be higher than in non-urban regions. An increase in urban temperature due to urbanization has been observed and studied worldwide. The need to design sustainable, comfortable, and environmentally friendly urban settings has grown because of growing urbanization and the negative consequences of climate change. This study aims to design and develop a low-cost sensor terminal that is equipped with different sensors such as anemometer, humidity, temperature sensors to measure meteorological parameters in various urban green spaces utilizing LoRaWAN for data transmission.