Analysis of Rain Effects in the Ku-Band Wind Scatterometer with References from Buoy Measured Energy Spectra

Rain affects on the Ku-band wind scatteroemters and are generally labelled in the Quality Control (QC) procedures applying metrics quantifying the QC indicators such as MLE, representing normalized Euclidian distance summaries from the scatterometer observed Normalized Radar Cross-Sections (NRCS) in a Wind Vector Cell and the wind-NRCS mapping model determined surface, and J
oss
indicating the heterogeneity. Yet the complex rainy scenes are not analyzed specifically. In this research, the wave energy spectra from buoy measurements are collocated with scatterometer observations. Then the rain effects in the wind scatterometers are addressed in terms of energy distribution with references from the energy governing equation and rain affected spectra. Wind, wave and rain induced features in spectra are obtained applying the rain screening ability from MLE and J
oss
. The possibility for rain contaminated wind correction in a parameterized spectrum is discussed for the combined application of wind and wave measurements that are obtained from CFOSAT and its follow-on missions.