Evaluation and Analysis Karst Rock Desertification in Wumeng Mountain Based On Remote Sensing Data and GIS Technology

The Wumeng Mountain area, located at the junction of Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan provinces in Southwest China, is one of the regions severely affected by the ecological disaster of rocky desertification. This paper develops a rocky desertification extraction and evaluation model by integrating remote sensing data and GIS technology. It employs primary indicators such as vegetation coverage, rock exposure rate, and terrain undulation, along with auxiliary indicators like annual average temperature and precipitation, to assess desertification in the study area. The model's accuracy is validated using a confusion matrix, revealing an overall accuracy of 79.55% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.603. Using this quantitative extraction model, the study extracts information on rocky desertification from 1985 to 2020, analyzing its evolutionary characteristics and predicting the situation in 2025 using the CA-Markov model. The research indicates that, following interventions, the state of rocky desertification in the Wumeng Mountain area shows signs of improvement, with a significant enhancement in the ecological environment. However, continuous management is still required in some areas in the future.