Potential of brain MRI in the diagnosis of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy: An overview

Janz (1985) introduced the term “Epilepsy with Impulsive Petit Mal”, the Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME), to describe a form of epilepsy characterized by sudden, involuntary myoclonic jerks that typically onset during adolescence. It is typically diagnosed using EEG (background rhythm, photosensitivity, interacted abnormalities). While the exact pathophysiology of JME remains incompletely understood, neuroimaging studies have provided valuable insights into the structural and functional alterations underlying this disorder. During clinic evaluation, it has been reported that patients with JME show cognitive and neuro-psychological deficits. Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) could therefore detect these anomalies in JME patients when compared to healthy controls. In this paper, a short overview of previous studies is detailed focused on the potential of brain MRI in quantifying structural deficits related to JME disorder. State of the art of preprocessing tools, analytics software and brain MRI measurements are also expanded.