Power Allocation for NOMA-Based Visible Light Communication Systems with DQN

The spectral efficiency of the visible light communication system can be enhanced by using the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme. In this paper, we propose a deep Q network (DQN) framework-based power allocation scheme that maximizes the sum rate of a NOMA-based cellular VLC network with mobility support. The numerical results indicate that the optimisation process achieves improved performance in terms of sum data rate (SDR) by approximately 8.8, 7, and 4% compared with conventional algorithms, such as fixed power allocation, gain ratio power allocation, and genetic algorithms.