Improved LSTM-Based Load Forecasting Embedded 3DOF (FOPI)-FOPD Controller for Proactive Frequency Regulation in Power System

This paper presents the design and analysis of a modified volleyball premier league-optimized 3-DOF (FOPI)-FOPD controller for a proactive LFC scheme. The proposed controller incorporates forecasted load demand as one of its inputs. This unique configuration empowers the controller to proactively eliminate the disturbances. To validate the controller performance, a truncated model of the DPS has been developed which is subjected to different load profiles and are assumed to be known. It was observed that the predicted disturbance to the system (change in load demand) is of utmost importance for this proposed configuration. Thus, improved LSTM, incorporating a multi-approach feature selection and DWT has been developed, which is used to forecast day-ahead load demand. This forecasted demand is given as an input to the controller. The dynamic performance of proposed controller is evaluated by subjecting the modelled DPS with proposed controller to standard test signals. The obtained simulation results are also validated through OPAL-RT real-time simulator. The results demonstrate the superior performance and robustness of the proposed LFC approach in maintaining the frequency of the power system within acceptable limits.