Measurements of Material Loss and Floor Penetration for 18–30 GHz

mmWaves is seen to be one of the key enablers for 5G and 6G communications. However, a serious problem may be a limited link budget, especially in the indoor scenario. Therefore, in this work, the penetration of the floor and loss of material are analyzed with a series of measurements at frequencies $18-30 \mathrm{GHz}$ The measurements showed that there is a great variety of materia losses which should be taken into account in Outdoor-to-Indoor or Indoor-to-Indoor models. Of six materials, the measured loss varied from 2 up to 67 dB, while the measured floor loss ranged from 31 to 49 dB depending on the frequency. The final conclusion also is that with many materials the communication may be feasible at frequencies $18-30 \mathrm{GHz}$, however, the floor penetration loss makes the communication nearly infeasible.