Effect of Temperature-Dependent Dielectric Properties of Breast on Microwave Hyperthermia

Microwave hyperthermia is a non-invasive medical treatment technique utilizing microwave energy to elevate the temperature of target tissues within the body. Often integrated into comprehensive treatment plans alongside modalities such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, microwave hyperthermia aims to enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment. However, the precision of microwave energy application poses challenges, as it may create hotspots in healthy tissues. This study investigates the impact of the temperature dependency of the dielectric properties on microwave hyperthermia, with a specific focus on breast tissue. Simulations were conducted at 2.4 GHz using eight dipole antennas and a realistic digital breast phantom. Dielectric properties at a standard temperature of 310.15°K, as well as those dependent on temperature, were incorporated into the microwave hyperthermia application. The temperature distribution results revealed a notable error up to
$8^{\mathrm{o}}$
, underscoring the significance of considering changes within dielectric properties distribution in optimizing and understanding the effects of microwave hyper-thermia on the tissues.