Innovative Value Chains: Advancements in Critical Raw Materials Recovery from E-Waste for Europe's Economic Resilience

This paper explores the critical advancements and challenges in the recycling of critical raw materials (CRMs) within the European Union, with a focused examination on Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) and Rare Earth Permanent Magnets (RE-PMs). Through the lens of several European-funded projects—New-RE, RENEW, INSPIREE, CIRC-UITS, and HARMONY—the study delves into innovative recycling technologies and methodologies that aim to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of material recovery. It highlights the significant hurdles in the collection and supply chain of secondary raw materials from Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), emphasizing the need for improved collection mechanisms and strategic material recovery to foster a circular economy. Moreover, the paper discusses the integration of recycled materials into the market, identifying the existing gaps in processing and manufacturing capacities within Europe. By showcasing the potential of collaborative efforts and technological innovations in overcoming these challenges, the study contributes valuable insights towards achieving a more sustainable and resilient supply chain for CRMs, pivotal for the EU's economic growth and environmental sustainability.