Energy Recovery From Polluted Water Using Capacitive Deionization Desalination System: A Review

Capacitive deionization is used to purify water by applying an electric charge across two porous electrodes. These electrodes are positioned in a spacer channel that transports the desalinated water. Capacitive deionization is a more energy-efficient approach to water purification than traditional methods. The process is believed to create clean water and store energy in a capacitive electrical double layer near the charged surface. Unlike previous review papers in this area, which mostly focus on energy recovery in terms of the technological advancement, this paper aims to conduct a bibliometric review and analysis of capacitive deionization cells, specifically focused on energy recovery mechanisms for treating contaminated water. The manuscript also analyzes capacitive deionization energy efficiency and energy-efficient capacitive deionization technology. Various relevant databases are utilized to select articles under specific conditions. Our findings suggest that the utilization capacitive deionization’s energy recovery mechanism from industrial wastewater has valuable opportunities for further research and growth. The selection and review of relevant articles and their analysis in this paper can aid in the systematic development of the capacitive deionization module. This would offer viable suggestions for future research towards more efficient energy recovery and consumption, which will subsequently contribute to net zero transitioning.