Adsorption Operational Characteristics for Malachite Green Uptake onto Rice Husk Modified by Phosphoric Acid (RH-H3PO4)

It has been determined that dyes are toxic and can have negative impacts on one's health as well as the environment. Adsorption is a substitute method for treating wastewater that is employed to eliminate these harmful, non-biodegradable substances from water. This work focuses on the adsorption operating parameters of phosphoric acid modified rice husk for the elimination of malachite green (MG) pigment. The effects of the initial concentration of dye (10–50 ppm), temperature (303–323 k), pH (3–11), and contact time (2–240 minutes) were the adsorption operational parameters that were examined. The ideal parameters were found to be pH = 9, temperature = 303 K, contact period = 180 minutes, and starting concentration = 10 ppm. Under these circumstances, the modified rice husk performed admirably and was determined to be a useful adsorbent for the sequestration of MG dye.Graphical Abstract-