Production and physico-mechanical properties of ternary-made (waste ceramics, waste papers, and sawdust) particleboard

This study utilized waste ceramics, waste paper, and sawdust as raw materials for particleboard manufacturing and the adhesive used was urea formaldehyde. The ceramic particle size ranges from 0.15 mm to 2 mm. The single-layer, homogenous particleboard was compressed using a hydraulic pressing machine. In compliance with BS EN 13353 and JIS A 5908 standards, the physical and mechanical parameters were ascertained. The findings show that the manufactured particleboards' densities varied from 761.9 to 1142 kg/m
³
. Additionally, the particleboards' water absorption properties varied from 16.67 to 25% and 16.67 to 25% for immersions lasting 2 and 24 h, respectively. Furthermore, within the respective 2 and 24 h of immersions, the particleboards' thickness swelling varied from 0.32 to 1.41% and 0.37 to 2.26%. The modulus of elasticity and rupture of the particleboard met the BS EN 13353 standard, with only sample 2 failing the MOR test. Hence, the particleboard produced can be utilized for structural and interior works in buildings such as serving as soundproof material when used for partitioning. The adhesive should be increased by 20% to improve the mechanical and physical properties of the boards.