Dietary Polyphenols in Male Infertility: Mechanistic Approach

Male infertility affects a sizable portion of trying-to-conceive couples, and it is a rising global concern. Oxidative stress has been identified as a fundamental mechanism that disrupts sperm function and overall reproductive health, even though different factors contribute to reduced fertility in males. With an emphasis on their mechanistic function in preventing oxidative stress, this report explores the therapeutic potential of dietary polyphenols in reducing male infertility. It has long been established that diet plays a complex role in reproductive health, and new research indicated that diets high in polyphenols may have therapeutic value in adjusting the hormonal balance in the reproductive system. Dietary polyphenols are a group of bioactive substances present in a variety of plant-based diets. Because of their strong antioxidant qualities and capacity to alter cellular pathways implicated in oxidative stress, polyphenols have attracted attention. Dietary polyphenols scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), boost endogenous antioxidant defences, and alter signalling pathways linked to inflammation and apoptosis to combat oxidative stress in the male reproductive system. A comprehensive grasp of polyphenols’ therapeutic potential is provided by insights into how they affect sperm quality, motility, and DNA integrity. With a focus on oxidative stress as the primary mechanism, this report showed the potentially useful role of dietary polyphenols as a cutting-edge and approachable therapeutic approach for treating male infertility.