An Anti-Misalignment and Interoperable EV Wireless Charging System incorporating an LCC-S-based Tetrad Structured pad

The growing interest in the adoption of Electric vehicles (EV) is highly entertained by global governments on considering the environmental aspects of achieving sustainable and energy-efficient transportation systems. Mass utilization of EVs faces challenges in the safer and more reliable method of charging vehicle batteries. Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) technology has emerged as a promising solution that provides a hassle-free charging experience for EV customers. The charging pad design is a critical parameter that determines the overall efficiency of an inductive EV charging system. The paper proposes a Tetrad structured pad (TTP) to achieve high-power transmission between transmitter and receiver charging pads. The paper studied the performance of the proposed charging pad against different misalignment conditions and analyzed the interoperability characteristic of TTP with different receiver pads since every vehicle pad has been designed with its unique size and shape in the future. The performance of the proposed pad has been compared with a double-D pad (DDP) of similar geometrical conditions. The simulated results of parameters including mutual inductance (M), output power
$(P_{out})$
, and DC-DC efficiency
$(\eta)$
show that the proposed pad outperforms the existing DDP. Finally, experimental verification has been achieved to verify the feasibility of the proposed pad in the IPT charging system for EVs.