Strong THz generation and application on high energy density golden plasma

Terahertz (THz) waves offer a distinctive diagnostic method for detecting high energy density matter. However, realizing the THz time-domain spectral (THz-TDS) diagnosis of matter states under extreme conditions in large high-energy density devices remains a significant obstacle. To address this requirement, we designed and implemented an optical pump-THz single-shot detection system driven by a strong femtosecond laser. In the experiment, The LN wafer with the diameter of 3 inches generated THz radiation with pulse energy of 1 milli-Joule and electric field of 10MV/cm. The strong THz pulse was employed to measure the transient THz conductivity of 30 nm thick freestanding gold foils pumped by a 400 nm laser pulse. The system possesses the capability of THz single-shot diagnosis of nonequilibrium states of matter under extreme conditions, which promotes the strong THz field physics.