Propelling the Future: Advanced Electric Propulsion Systems for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Due to their numerous uses in industries including surveillance, agriculture, mapping, and delivery services, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. With many benefits over conventional internal combustion engines, electric propulsion systems have emerged as a promising UAV powering option. The issues associated with their design, performance, and integration are highlighted in this paper's thorough examination of electric propulsion systems for UAVs. The paper discuss about electric motors, power electronics, and energy storage devices as important elements of electric propulsion systems. The suitability of various motor types for UAV applications is examined, including brushed, brushless, and synchronous motors. In addition, the article covers several power electronics topologies, including inverters and motor drives, highlighting their function in the regulation of the electric propulsion system. It also analyzes several energy storage techniques, including fuel cells and lithium-ion batteries, and evaluates the energy density, weight, and effectiveness of each. The issues of temperature management, weight considerations, and system efficiency optimization are also discussed in the study as they relate to the integration of electric propulsion systems into UAVs. It also discusses current developments in electric propulsion technology, including regenerative braking and energy harvesting strategies, that aim to improve overall efficiency and lengthen the flying duration of UAV s.