A Comprehensive Method to Improve Gain from Symmetric Non-Uniform Linear Array

A non-uniform linear array design issue with real symmetric excitation for achieving a maximal pencil beam in the desired direction is presented. The method of convex optimization is employed to determine the optimal antenna element spacing and the number of antenna elements in the array to achieve a radiation pattern with maximum gain. Simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of convex optimization algorithm in designing non-uniform linear arrays, significantly reducing side lobes. Numerical comparisons of gains and beamwidth with known optimal solutions validate the proposed approach.