Radar and 5G Cellular Network Coexistence via Antenna Parameter Tuning

Coexistence between 5G cellular networks and incumbent radar systems is necessary for an increasing number of spectral bands, including highly valuable spectrum such as the C-band. This paper presents a novel coexistence framework that intelligently adjusts 5G antenna parameters to mitigate interference reaching known radar systems, while simultaneously maximizing cellular network performance. The framework leverages Gaussian process regression and differential evolution to navigate high-dimensional, non-convex spaces while effectively managing uncertainty. We propose a practical approach that utilizes user RSRP measurements to characterize communication interference on radar, addressing the non-cooperative nature of radar systems. Evaluation on AT&T Labs' high-fidelity simulator demonstrates over a 12% increase in sum-log-rate and around a 3.6 dB increase in median SINR compared to the exhaustive search with common parameter configurations across all base stations, while decreasing interference on radar to its lowest achievable level in our simulation setup.