An IoT-Based Biodiversity Monitoring System

In order to monitor the health of beehives and understand bee behavior effectively, there's a pressing need for thorough data collection and transmission. This paper proposes an IoT-based system architecture designed to facilitate real-time data gathering and transmission for remote monitoring of beehives. The system utilizes MQTT and HTTP IoT messaging protocols to send various data metrics such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, insect count, frame, and video data from a biodiversity sensing node to the cloud. Additionally, the paper outlines the structure of the messages used for transmitting this data for a clearer comprehension. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of different Quality of Service (QoS) levels for MQTT data delivery and video transmission via HTTP. By providing real-time data, this system aims to enhance the study of bee activities and contribute to the development of precise beekeeping techniques.