Systematic Performance Evaluation Framework for LEO Mega-Constellation Satellite Networks

Low Earth orbit (LEO) mega-constellation satellite networks have shown great potential to extend the coverage capability of conventional terrestrial networks. How to systematically define, quantify, and assess the technical performance of LEO mega-constellation satellite networks remains an open issue. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive key performance indica-tor (KPI) framework for mega-constellation based LEO satellite networks. An efficient LEO constellation oriented performance evaluation methodology is then carefully designed by resorting to the concept of interfering area and spherical geographic cell. We have carried out rigorous system-level simulations and provided numerical results to assess the KPI framework. It can be observed that the achieved area traffic capacity of the reference LEO constellation is around 4 Kbps/km
²
, with service availability ranging from 0.36 to 0.39. Besides, the average access success probability and handover failure rate is approximate to 96% and 10%, respectively, in the nearest satellite association scheme.