Bond-Graph Simulation of a Portable Greenhouse as a Mechatronics System for Sustainable Urban Agriculture in Smart Cities 4.0

This paper presents a comprehensive study on the modeling and simulation of a small portable greenhouse designed for utilization in Smart Cities 4.0. The main objective is to optimize temperature regulation to enhance plant growth, incorporating a water cellulose cooling technique for sustainable and efficient operation. The methodology involves the development of a detailed bond graph model to accurately capture the dynamic behavior of the portable greenhouse system. Through hardware integration, the bond graph model is validated, demonstrating its effectiveness in simulating real-world greenhouse conditions. The experimental results showcase promising outcomes, emphasizing the significance of mechatronics programming and bond graph modeling in the advancement of greenhouse technology. Moreover, the paper highlights the importance of accounting for dynamic responses in the system and suggests future research directions to further enhance the field of greenhouse mechatronics. Overall, this study showcases the potential of the designed small portable greenhouse to contribute to Smart Cities 4.0 by providing sustainable, space-efficient, and environmentally friendly solutions for urban agriculture and green spaces.