A Comparative Study of Weighted Recursive Least Square Algorithm and Variable Forgetting Factor Recursive Least Square Algorithm for Parameter Estimation of Lithium-Ion Battery

This paper focuses on the development of a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery model using a Thevenin circuit to analyze its immediate and transient response. The battery model is utilized alongside a Weighted Recursive Least Square (WRLS) algorithm for estimating battery parameters. The performance of this algorithm is then compared to the Variable Forgetting Factor Recursive Least Square (VFFRLS) algorithm. The comparison between the two algorithms demonstrates that WRLS outperforms VFFRLS, exhibiting lower error and superior performance. This finding establishes the reliability and effectiveness of WRLS for accurately estimating parameters in Li-ion batteries. The simulations and data processing are conducted using MATLAB/Simulink, while the dataset utilized is obtained from CALCE, a leading institution specializing in reliability engineering and failure analysis. The simulated terminal voltage is compared with the actual terminal voltage to validate the accuracy and credibility of both algorithms.