Unsteady MHD Flow of Casson Hybrid Nanofluid Over an Infinite Vertical Flat Plate: Crank-Nicholson Scheme and Statistical Approach

This study investigates the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow of Casson hybrid nanofluid over an infinite vertical flat plate under the influence of magnetic flux, heat source/sink, viscous dissipation, and thermal radiation. The considered hybrid nanofluid is the combination of water (70%) and ethylene glycol (30%), together with two dissimilar nanoparticles like magnesium oxide (MgO) and copper oxide (CuO). Initially, the model is formulated as non-linear partial differential equations (PDEs) with independent variables. These equations are converted into a set of dimensionless PDEs using suitable similarity transformations. To acquire the numerical solution, the finite difference (Crank-Nicolson) scheme is employed. The perturbation approach is employed for the analytical solution of the non-dimensional equations. An analysis is conducted to compare numerical and analytical results. As a result, comparisons between analytical and numerical results are more accurate. The study graphically examined the influence of several parameters on velocity and temperature profiles. Additionally, the effects of physical quantities like skin friction coefficient and the Nusselt number have been explained in a table manner. It has been observed from the result, that the velocity profile increases with the Grashof number and permeability parameter, while the magnetic parameter has the opposite effect. Moreover, a multiple regression analysis is also performed to examine the statistical effects of these parameters on the physical quantities. This study has vital applications in several industrial and engineering processes such as the automobile sector, nuclear reactors, solar power systems, HVAC systems, and electronics cooling.