A Microstrip Energy Selective Antenna Based on PIN Diodes

In this paper, an energy selective antenna (ESA) is proposed for integrating the functions of a common antenna and the high-power microwaves (HPM) protection. The ESA is designed based on the microstrip patch antenna, by loading PIN diodes, it can be triggered when the HPM is incident to change the current path, so that the resonance frequency is changed to realize the protection against HPM incident at the original frequency. The results show when the PIN diodes are all in the OFF state, the reflection coefficient of ESA is less than −10dB at 10.29–10.79GHz. When the PIN diodes are all in ON state, the reflection coefficient of ESA is less than −10dB at 9.17–9.67GHz and more than −2.5dB in the original frequency range. The ESA has broad application prospects in the field of electromagnetic protection.